Slovak Language
with teachers slides
Alphabet
Greetings
Informal way
- Ahoj – Hi, bye
- Čau – Hi, bye
Formal way
- Dobrý deň – Hello
- Dovidenia – Goodbye
Greetings during a day
- Dobré ráno – Good morning
- Dobrý deň – Good afternoon
- Dobrý večer – Good evening
- Dobrú noc – Good night
How are you?
Informal
- Ako sa máš? – How are you?
Formal
- Ako sa máte? – How are you?
Response
- Mám sa dobre. – I am fine.
- Mám sa fajn. – I am fine.
- Mám sa zle. – I am bad.
Examples:
- Mám sa dobre, ďakujem. – I am fine, thank you.
- A ty? – And you?
- A vy? – And you? (formal)
Personal pronouns
| English | Slovak | English | Slovak |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | ja | we | my |
| you | ty | you (formal) | vy |
| he | on | they (masc.) | oni |
| she | ona | they (fem.) | ony |
To be verb (byť)
| English | Slovak | English | Slovak |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am | som | we are | sme |
| you are | si | you are (formal) | ste |
| he/she/it is | je | they are | sú |
Examples:
- Ja som učiteľ. – I am a teacher.
- Ty si študent. – You are a student.
- On je lekár. – He is a doctor.
- Ona je študentka. – She is a student.
- My sme kamaráti. – We are friends.
- Vy ste učitelia. – You are teachers.
- Oni sú študenti. – They are students.
Question words
| English | Slovak |
|---|---|
| Who | Kto |
| What | Čo |
| Where | Kde |
| When | Kedy |
| Why | Prečo |
Examples:
- Kto je to? – Who is it? → To je učiteľ. – It’s a teacher.
- Čo je to? – What is it? → To je káva. – It’s coffee.
Negation of the verb “to be”
| Positive | Negative |
|---|---|
| Áno – Yes | Nie – No |
| Som – I am | Nie som – I am not |
Examples:
- To je káva? – Is it coffee? → Áno, je. – Yes, it is.
- Je to čaj? – Is it tea? → Nie, to nie je čaj. – No, it is not tea.
Where are you from?
| English | Slovak |
|---|---|
| Where are you from? | Odkiaľ si? |
| Where are you from? (formal) | Odkiaľ ste? |
I am from
Answers:
- Som z Brazílie. – I am from Brazil.
- Som zo Slovenska. – I am from Slovakia.
- Som z Ameriky. – I am from America.
- Som z Portugalska. – I am from Portugal.
Grammar note:
If the name of the country begins with a consonant, use z (e.g., z Nemecka – from Germany).
If it begins with a vowel, use zo (e.g., zo Slovenska – from Slovakia).
Ask for name and reply
| English | Slovak |
|---|---|
| What’s your name? (informal) | Ako sa voláš? |
| What’s your name? (formal) | Ako sa voláte? |
| My name is ... | Volám sa ... |
Examples:
- Ako sa voláš? – What’s your name? → Volám sa Pedro. – My name is Pedro.
- Ako sa voláte? – What’s your name? (formal) → Volám sa Tatiana. – My name is Tatiana.
Be polite
- Prosím – Please / You’re welcome
- Ďakujem – Thank you
- Ďakujem pekne – Thank you very much
- Prepáč – Excuse me (informal)
- Prepáčte – Excuse me (formal)
- Nech sa páči – Here you are / Go ahead
- Pardon – Sorry
Lost in translation
| English | Slovak |
|---|---|
| Do you speak English? | Hovoríte po anglicky? |
| I don’t understand. | Nerozumiem. |
| Can you repeat that? | Môžete to zopakovať? |
| Slowly, please. | Pomalšie, prosím. |
| I speak a little Slovak. | Hovorím trochu po slovensky. |
| I don’t speak Slovak. | Nehovorím po slovensky. |
| I’m learning Slovak. | Učím sa po slovensky. |
Always useful
Have a nice day!→ Pekný deň!
I wish you a nice day!→ Prajem pekný deň!
I wish you a good night!→ Prajem dobrú noc!
You too! (informal)→ Aj tebe.
You too! (formal)→ Aj vám.
Here you are.→ Nech sa páči. / Páči sa.
You are welcome.→ Nie je za čo.
Enjoy your meal.→ Dobrú chuť.
Welcome! (informal)→ Vitaj!
Welcome! (formal)→ Vitajte!
Koľko to stojí?→ How much does it cost?
