Slovak Language

with teachers slides

Alphabet

Greetings

Informal way

• Ahoj – Hi, bye
• Čau – Hi, bye

Formal way

• Dobrý deň – Hello
• Dovidenia – Goodbye

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Greetings during a day

• Dobré ráno – Good morning
• Dobrý deň – Good afternoon
• Dobrý večer – Good evening
• Dobrú noc – Good night

How are you?

Informal

• Ako sa máš? – How are you?

Formal

• Ako sa máte? – How are you?

Response

• Mám sa dobre. – I am fine.
• Mám sa fajn. – I am fine.
• Mám sa zle. – I am bad.

Examples:

• Mám sa dobre, ďakujem. – I am fine, thank you.
• A ty? – And you?
• A vy? – And you? (formal)

Personal pronouns

English	Slovak	English	Slovak
I	ja	we	my
you	ty	you (formal)	vy
he	on	they (masc.)	oni
she	ona	they (fem.)	ony

To be verb (byť)

English	Slovak	English	Slovak
I am	som	we are	sme
you are	si	you are (formal)	ste
he/she/it is	je	they are	sú

Examples:

• Ja som učiteľ. – I am a teacher.
• Ty si študent. – You are a student.
• On je lekár. – He is a doctor.
• Ona je študentka. – She is a student.
• My sme kamaráti. – We are friends.
• Vy ste učitelia. – You are teachers.
• Oni sú študenti. – They are students.

Question words

English	Slovak
Who	Kto
What	Čo
Where	Kde
When	Kedy
Why	Prečo

Examples:

• Kto je to? – Who is it? → To je učiteľ. – It’s a teacher.
• Čo je to? – What is it? → To je káva. – It’s coffee.

Negation of the verb “to be”

Positive	Negative
Áno – Yes	Nie – No
Som – I am	Nie som – I am not

Examples:

• To je káva? – Is it coffee? → Áno, je. – Yes, it is.
• Je to čaj? – Is it tea? → Nie, to nie je čaj. – No, it is not tea.

Where are you from?

English	Slovak
Where are you from?	Odkiaľ si?
Where are you from? (formal)	Odkiaľ ste?

I am from

Answers:

• Som z Brazílie. – I am from Brazil.
• Som zo Slovenska. – I am from Slovakia.
• Som z Ameriky. – I am from America.
• Som z Portugalska. – I am from Portugal.

Grammar note:

If the name of the country begins with a consonant, use z (e.g., z Nemecka – from Germany).

If it begins with a vowel, use zo (e.g., zo Slovenska – from Slovakia).

Ask for name and reply

English	Slovak
What’s your name? (informal)	Ako sa voláš?
What’s your name? (formal)	Ako sa voláte?
My name is ...	Volám sa ...

Examples:

• Ako sa voláš? – What’s your name? → Volám sa Pedro. – My name is Pedro.
• Ako sa voláte? – What’s your name? (formal) → Volám sa Tatiana. – My name is Tatiana.

Be polite

• Prosím – Please / You’re welcome
• Ďakujem – Thank you
• Ďakujem pekne – Thank you very much
• Prepáč – Excuse me (informal)
• Prepáčte – Excuse me (formal)
• Nech sa páči – Here you are / Go ahead
• Pardon – Sorry

Lost in translation

English	Slovak
Do you speak English?	Hovoríte po anglicky?
I don’t understand.	Nerozumiem.
Can you repeat that?	Môžete to zopakovať?
Slowly, please.	Pomalšie, prosím.
I speak a little Slovak.	Hovorím trochu po slovensky.
I don’t speak Slovak.	Nehovorím po slovensky.
I’m learning Slovak.	Učím sa po slovensky.

Always useful

Have a nice day!→ Pekný deň!

I wish you a nice day!→ Prajem pekný deň!

I wish you a good night!→ Prajem dobrú noc!

You too! (informal)→ Aj tebe.

You too! (formal)→ Aj vám.

Here you are.→ Nech sa páči. / Páči sa.

You are welcome.→ Nie je za čo.

Enjoy your meal.→ Dobrú chuť.

Welcome! (informal)→ Vitaj!

Welcome! (formal)→ Vitajte!

Koľko to stojí?→ How much does it cost?